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Print Sources
Archival sources are unique and typically available only in archives. Print sources are more plentiful. Except in the case of rare books or newspapers, they can usually be obtained via interlibrary request.
Journals and Newspapers
Africa italiana (Massawa)
The Atlanta Constitution
Boston Courrier
Boston Globe
Boston Herald
Bulletin de la société de géographie de Marseille
Camera Notes
Chicago Tribune
Cleveland Gazette
The Colored American Magazine
Corriere della sera
The Crisis
The Freeman
Harper’s Weekly
L’Illustration
L’Illustrazione
L’Italia (Chicago)
Journal de Saint Petersbourg
Leslie’s Illustrated Weekly
London Times
Manchester Guardian
Le Monde
New York Age
New York Times
New York World
L’Osservatore Romano
Revue des deux mondes
Rivista militare
The Savannah Tribune
The State Ledger (Topeka, Kansas)
Le Temps
La Tribuna
Anonymous and Unsigned Works
“The Axum Obelisk - Rome” The Art Newspaper, April 2001.
“Axum Obelisk to Go Home” The Art Newsletter, October 2002.
La Battaglia di Adua dal campo abissino e da fonti russe. Rome: Voghera, 1897.
La colonia italiana in Africa e F. Crispi, il Parlamento ed il Paese. Rome: Voghera, 1896.
“Compte rendu des séances de la société de géographie de Marseille.” Bulletin de la société de géographie de Marseille 10 (1886): 129-135.
“Cronologica storica degli avvenimenti nella colonia Eritrea.” Rivista militare italiana 41 (1896): 31-62.
Un Eritreo [Pietro Toselli?]. Pro Africa italica. Rome: Casa editrice libraria italiana, 1891.
[Emil Gribeschock?] “Commerce of Abyssinia; Is It of Proportions Worthy of Encouragement? Facts Relative and Associated”, Papers of Emil Gribeschock. 1904-11. The New York Public Library.
“Les Italiens en Afrique” Revue militaire de l’étranger (December 1896): 281-480.
“Les Italiens en Afrique” Revue militaire de l’étranger (December 1897): 38-69.
“Mort de Mason bey.” Bulletin de la Société Khédiviale de Géographie 5, no. 1 (1898): 3-5.
Books, Pamphlets, Mémoires, and Secondary Sources
Abbink, Jon. Ethiopian Society and History: A Bibliography of Ethiopian Studies, 1957-1990. Leiden: African Studies Center, 1990.
Abdussamad Ahmad and Richard Pankhurst. Adwa Victory Centenary Conference, 26 February - 2 March 1996. Addis Ababa: Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University, 1998.
Abebe Hailemelekot. The Victory of Adowa and What We Owe to our Heroes: the First Victory of Africa over Colonialists. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Abebe Hailemelekot, 1998.
Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia: The Era of the Princes the Challenge of Islam and Re-Unification of the Christian Empire, 1769-1855. New York: Praeger, 1968.
Acton, Roger. The Abyssinian Expedition and the Life and Reign of King Theodore. London: Illustrated London News, 1868.
Adamson, Walter. Avant-Garde Florence: From Modernism to Fascism. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1993.
Adejumobi, Saheed. The History of Ethiopia. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007.
Afewerq Gebre Iyesus. “The Second Menelik” Rassegna di Studi Etiopici 17 & 19 (1961).
———. “The Second Menelik.” Rassegna di Studi Etiopici 17 & 19 (1961).
Ahmed, Hussein. “The Chronicle of Menilek II of Ethiopia” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 16 (1983): 75-86.
———. “The Military Aspect of the Battle of Dogali” In The Centenary of Dogali, edited by Taddesse Beyene, Taddesse Tamrat, and Richard Pankhurst, 42-55. Addis Ababa University: Institute of Ethiopian Studies, 1987.
Aldrich, Robert. Colonialism and Homosexuality. London and New York: Routledge, 2003.
———. The Seduction of the Mediterranean: Writing, Art, and Homosexual Fantasy. London and New York: Routledge, 1993.
Aleme Eshete. “European Political Adventurers in Ethiopia at the Turn of the 20th Century” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 12 (1974): 1-17.
———. La Mission Catholique Lazariste en Ethiopie. Aix-en-Provence, 1970.
———. “The Role and Position of Foreign-Educated Interpreters in Ethiopia, 1880-1889” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 11 (1973): 17-27.
Alpers, Edward. “Flight to Freedom: Escape from Slavery among Bonded Africans in the Indian Ocean World, c.1750-1962” Slavery & Abolition. 24, no. 2 (2003): 51.
Alpers, Edward, Gwyn Campbell, and Michael Salman, eds. Slavery and Resistance in Africa and Asia. London: Routledge, 2005.
Als, Hilton. “I, Me, Mine; A New Biography of Christopher Isherwood” The New Yorker, 2005.
Alype, Pierre. L'Éthiopie et les convoitises allemandes. Paris: Berger-Levrault, 1917.
———. Sous la couronne de Salomon; l'Empire des Négus. Paris: Plon, 1925.
Ambrogetti, Paolo. La vita sessuale nell'Eritrea. Rome: Capaccini, 1900.
Amdur, M.K., and H.M. Cleckley. “Observations of a Russian Neuropsychiatrist in Ethiopia during the War with Italy in 1896” Medical Bulletin of Veterans Administration 12 (1896).
Amoretti, Gian Nicola. L' esercito e la politica africana, 1885-1896, nelle Memorie d'Africa di Domenico Grandi. Genoa: Brigati, 1996.
Andreoli, Aldo, and Istituto italiano per l’Africa. Vademecum africano. Roma: Istituto fascista dell’Africa italiana, 1941.
Antonelli, Pietro. Menelik, imperatore d'Etiopia. Rome: L. Perelli, 1891.
Appleyard, David L, and Girma-Selassie Asfa. The Amharic Letters of Emperor Theodore of Ethiopia to Queen Victoria and her Special Envoy preserved in the India Office Library and the Public Record Office. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1979.
Arendt, Hannah. The Origins of Totalitarianism. New York: Harcourt, 1951.
Arnoux, Pierre. La Franco-Ethiopienne ou la France en Ethiopie, 1879.
Asante, Samuel. Pan-African Protest: West Africa and the Italo-Ethiopian Crisis, 1934-1941. London: Longman, 1977.
Asfa Yilma. Haile Selassie Emperor of Ethiopia; with a Brief Account of the History of Ethiopia. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co., 1936.
Asnake Ali. “The Environmental Impact of the Campaign” In Adwa Victory Centenary Conference, 26 February - 2 March 1996, edited by Abdussamad Ahmad and Richard Pankhurst, 265-297. Addis Ababa: Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University, 1998.
Asseffa Abreha. “The Battle of Adwa; Victory and its Outcomes” In Adwa Victory Centenary Conference, 26 February - 2 March 1996, edited by Abdussamad Ahmad and Richard Pankhurst, 129-181. Addis Ababa: Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University, 1998.
Aubry, Alphonse. “Une mission au Choa et dans les pays Galla” Compte rendu des séances de la société de géographie (1886): 320-324.
Austen, Ralph. Trans-Saharan Africa in World History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.
Bahru Zewde. A History of Modern Ethiopia, 1855-1974. London; Athens; Addis Ababa: J. Currey; Ohio University Press; Addis Ababa University Press, 1991.
———. “The Historical Context of the Dogali Encounter” In The Centenary of Dogali: Proceedings of the International Symposium, Addis Ababa-Asmara, January 24-25, 1987, edited by Taddesse Beyene, Taddesse Tamrat, and Richard Pankhurst, 103-111. Addis Ababa University: Institute of Ethiopian Studies, 1987.
———. “The Italo-Ethiopian War of 1895-1896 and the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905; A Comparative Essay” In Adwa Victory Centenary Conference, 26 February - 2 March 1996, edited by Abdussamad Ahmad and Richard Pankhurst, 299-318. Addis Ababa: Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University, 1998.
Bairu Tafla. Ethiopia and Germany; Cultural, Political and Economic Relations, 1871-1936. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1981.
———. Ethiopian Records of the Menilek Era: Selected Amharic Documents from the Nachlass of Alfred Ilg 1884-1900. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2000.
———. “Marriage as a Political Device: an Appraisal of a Socio-political Aspect of the Menilek Period 1889-1916” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 10 (1972): 13-22.
———. “Menelik’s Diplomatic Front: The Role of Alfred Ilg in Events Leading to the Conflict” In Adwa Victory Centenary Conference, 26 February - 2 March 1996, edited by Abdussamad Ahmad and Richard Pankhurst. Addis Ababa: Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University, 1998.
———. “The Political Crisis in Tigray, 1889-1899” Africa; rivista trimestrale di studi e documentazione 34 (1979): 105-128.
———. “Two of the Last Provincial Kings of Ethiopia” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 11 (1973): 29-49.
Baldissera, Antonio. Guerra d'Africa; relazione sulle operazioni mi litari nel secondo periodo della Campagna d'Africa 1895-6 con 13 allegati e 9 tavole. Rome: E. Voghera, 1896.
Baratieri, Oreste. Autodifesa dinanzi al tribunale militare dell'Asmara. Rome: Casa Editrice Italiana, 1896.
———. Carteggio di Oreste Baratieri 1887-1901. Trent: Tipografia Editrice Mutilati ed Invalidi, 1936.
———. “Di fronte agli abissini” Nuova Antologia (1888).
———. Memorie d'Africa, 1892-1896. Genoa: Dioscuri, 1988.
———. Pagine d'Africa, 1875-1901. Trent: Museo del Risorgimento e della lotta per la libertà, 1994.
Bard, Kathryn A., Mauro Coltorti, Michael C. DiBlasi, Francesco Dramis, and Rodolfo Fattovich. “The Environmental History of Tigray (Northern Ethiopia) in the Middle and Late Holocene: A Preliminary Outline” African Archaeological Review 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2000): 65-86.
Bardey, Alfred, and Joseph Tubiana. Barr-Adjam: souvenirs d'Afrique orientale, 1880-1887. Paris: Editions du Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1981.
Barrera, Giulia. Dangerous Liaisons: Colonial Concubinage in Eritrea, 1890-1941. Evanston Illinois: Program of African Studies Northwestern University, 1996.
Barthes, Roland. Baron Wilhelm von Gloeden. Naples: Amelio, 1978.
Basset, R. Histoire de la conquête de l'Abyssinie. Paris, 1897.
Bassi, S. M. “Diario” In la Guerra Italo-Abissina. Milan, 1896.
———. Diario della Campagna 1896. Publicato del padre - Resto del Carlino, 1896.
———. “La Bataille d'Adoua” Gazette de géographie 21 (1896): 215.
Battaglia, Roberto. La prima guerra d'Africa. Turin: G. Einaudi, 1958.
Beccari, Camillo. Notizia e saggi di opere e documenti inediti riguardanti la storia di Etiopia durante i secoli XVI, XVII e XVIII con otto facsimili e du carte geografiche. Rome: Casa editrice italiana, 1903.
Beckingham, C.F. “The Travels of Jeronimo Lobo” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 4 (1966): 1-4.
Bellavita, Emilio. Adua; i precedenti--la battaglia--le conseguenze (1881-1931). Genoa: Rivista di Roma, 1931.
Ben-Ghiat, Ruth. Fascist Modernities; Italy, 1922-1945. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001.
Berkeley, George F.-H. The Campaign of Adowa and the Rise of Menelik. New York: Negro Universities Press, 1969.
Berman, Patricia G. “F. Holland Day and his ‘classical’ models: summer camp.” History of Photography 18 (1994): 348-367.
Bervin, Antoine. Benito Sylvain, apôtre du relèvement social des noirs. Port-au-Prince, Haïti: La Phalange, 1969.
Betti, Claudio Mario. Missioni e colonie in Africa orientale. Rome: Studium, 1999.
Betts, Raymond F. The False Dawn: European Imperialism in The Nineteenth Century. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1975.
———. The Ideology of Blackness, 1971.
Biasio, Elisabeth. Prunk und Pracht am Hofe Menileks: Alfred Ilgs Äthiopien um 1900. Zürich: Neue Züricher Zeitung, 2004.
Bizzoni, Achille. L'Eritrea nel passato e nel presente. Milan, 1897.
Bonacci, Giulia. Exodus!: L'histoire du retour des rastafariens en Éthiopie. Paris: Scali, 2008.
de Bonchamps, Charles. “Une mission vers le Nil Blanc” Bulletin de la société de géographie 19 (1898).
Borelli, Jules. Ethiopie méridionale; journal de mon voyage aux pays Amhara, Oromo et Sidama, septembre 1885 à novembre 1888. Paris: Ancienne Maison Quantin, 1890.
———. “Lettre de M. Jules Borelli sur l'Ethiopie (Ambabo, 6 avril 1886)” Compte rendu des séances de la société de géographie (1886): 292-297.
Bosworth, Richard. Italy, The Least of the Great Powers. Cambridge: Routledge, 1981.
Bourelly, Giuseppe. La Battaglia di Abba Garima. Milan: Cogliati, 1901.
Bridgman, Jon, and Leslie Worley. “Genocide of the Hereros” In Century of Genocide: Eyewitness Accounts and Critical Views, 3-25. New York: Garland, 1997.
Bronzuoli, Anacleto. Adua. Rome: Instituto Poligrafico dello Stato, 1935.
Brown, Pamela S. and Fassil Yirgu, One House: The Battle of Adwa 1896, 100 Years. Chicago: Nyala Pub., 1996.
Bruce, James. Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile. London, 1790.
Brunschwig, Henri. “Une colonie inutile: Obock, 1862-1888” Cahiers d'études africaines (1966).
Bujac, E. Précis de quelques campagnes contemporaines, 1899.
Bulatovich, Alexander. Ethiopia Through Russian Eyes: Country in Transition, 1896-1898. Lawrenceville, NJ: Red Sea Press, 2000.
Burkhardt, John Lewis. Travels in Nubia. London: Murray, 1822.
Burton, Richard Francis. First Footsteps in East Africa. New York: Praeger, 1966.
Césaire, Aimé. Discourse on Colonialism. New York: Monthly Review, 1972.
Camera dei deputati. Documenti diplomatici. Atti parlamentari; prima sessione 1895, Legislatura 19. Rome, 1895.
Campbell, James T. Songs of Zion: the African Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States and South Africa. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Camperio, Manfredo. Da Assab a Dogali; guerre abissine. Milan: Fratelli Dumolard, 1887.
Carazzi, Maria. La Società geografica italiana e l'esplorazione coloniale in Africa, (1867-1900). Firenze: La nuova Italia, 1972.
Carré, Jean-Marie. Lettres de la vie littéraire d'Arthur Rimbaud: 1870-1875. Paris: Gallimard, 1931.
Castonnet des Fosses, Henri. L'Abyssinie et les Italiens. Paris: Tequi, 1897.
de Castro, Lincoln. Nella terra dei negus, pagine raccolte in Abissinia. Milan: Fratelli Treves, 1915.
Caulk, Richard. “'Black Snake, White Snake’: Bahta Hagos and His Revolt Against Italian Overrule in Eritrea, 1894” In Banditry, Rebellion, and Social Protest in Africa, edited by Donald Crummey, 293-309. London; Portsmouth, N.H.: J. Currey; Heinemann, 1986.
———. “Firearms and Princely Power in Ethiopia in the Nineteenth Century” Journal of African History 13, no. 4 (1972).
———. “Menilek II and the Diplomacy of Commerce: Prelude to an Imperial Foreign Policy” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 17 (1984): 62-87.
———. “Religion and the State in 19th Century Ethiopia” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 10 (1972): 23-42.
———. “The Occupation of Harrar: January 1887” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 9 (1971): 1-22.
Césaire, Aimé. Discourse on Colonialism. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1972.
Chiala, Valentino. Il generale Dabormida nella giornata del 1 marzo 1896. Rome: Voghera, 1897.
Choate, Mark. Emigrant Nation: The Making of Italy Abroad. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2008.
Chojnacki, Stanislaw. “Note on Early Iconography of Saint George and Related Equestrian Saints in Ethiopia” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 13 (1975): 39-56.
———. “Notes on Art in Ethiopia in the 15th and early 16th Century” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 8 (1970): 21-65.
———. “Short Introduction to Ethiopian Painting” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 2 (1964): 1-11.
———. “The Iconography of Saint George in Ethiopia” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 11 (1973): 57-73.
———. “The Iconography of Saint George in Ethiopia, part 2” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 11 (1973): 51-92.
———. “The Iconography of Saint George in Ethiopia, part 3” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 12 (1974): 71-132.
———. “William Simpson and his Journey to Ethiopia” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 6 (1968): 7-38.
———. “A Second Note on the Ethiopian National Flag, with Comments on its Historical and Sociological Sources” Proceedings of the Third International Conference of Ethiopian Studies 1 (1966): 137-153.
———. “Some Notes on the History of the Ethiopian National Flag” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 1 (1963): 49-63.
———. “Third Note on the History of the Ethiopian National Flag” Rassegna di studi etiopici 28 (1980–1981): 23–40.
Chojnacki, Stanislaw, and Innes Marshall. “Colonel Milward's Abyssinian Journal, 1867-1868” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 7 (1969): 81-118.
Ciasca, Raffaele. Storia coloniale dell'Italia contemporanea; da Assab all'impero. Milan: Ulrico Hoepli, 1938.
Clarence-Smith, William. The Economics of the Indian Ocean Slave Trade in the Nineteenth Century. London, England; Totowa, NJ: Frank Cass, 1989.
Clark, Martin P. Modern Italy, 1871-1982. London; New York: Longman, 1984.
Clattenburg, Ellen Fritz. The Photographic Work of F. Holland Day. Wellesley: Wellesley College Museum, 1975.
Clifford, James. The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1988.
Clough, Shepard Bancroft, and Salvatore Saladino, eds. A History of Modern Italy; Documents, Readings, and Commentary. New York: Columbia University Press, 1968.
Coan, Josephus. The Expansion of Missions of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in South Africa, 1896-1908. Hartford: Hartford Seminary Foundation, 1961.
Cohen, William B. The French Encounter with Africans; White Response to Blacks, 1530-1880. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1980.
Cohn, Bernard. “History and Anthropology: The State of Play” Comparative Studies in Society and History 22 (1980): 198-221.
Cole, Jennifer, and Lynn Thomas, eds. Love in Africa. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2009.
Combes, Edmond, and Maurice Tamisier. Voyage en Abyssinie, dans le pays des Galla, de Choa et d'Ifat. Paris: L. Desessart, 1838.
Comitato di Soccorso delle Dame Romane per i Prigioneri in Africa. Diario della missione e documenti. Rome: Forzani, 1897.
Conti Rossini, Carlo. “Canti Popolari Tigrai” Zeitschrift fur Assyriologie 153 (1906).
———. Italia ed Etiopia dal trattato d'Uccialli alla battaglia di Adua. Rome: Istituto per l'Oriente, 1935.
———. Storia d'Etiopia. jBergamo, 1928.
Cooper, Frederick. Colonialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.
———. Plantation Slavery on the East Coast of Africa. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977.
Cordella, Ernesto. L'artiglieria della Brigata Albertone ad Adua: (1 marzo 1896). Rome: Sindicato italiano arti grafiche, 1930.
Corrado, Zoli. La battaglia di Adua (Monografia), 1923.
Coulbeaux, Edouard. Histoire politique et religieuse d'Abyssinie, depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'a l'avenement de Menelik II. Paris: Geuthner, 1929.
———. Note sur la mission d’Abyssinie, Rome: Desclée, Lefebvre et Cie, 1901.
Crispi, Francesco. Documenti presentati al parlamento italiano; l'occupazione di Keren e dell'Asmara. Rome: Tip. della Camera dei deputati, 1890.
———. Francesco Crispi: La prima guerra d'Africa; documenti e memorie dell'Archivio Crispi. Milan: Fratelli Treves, 1914.
———. Scritti e discorsi politici di Francesco Crispi, 1849-1890. Turin-Rome: Roux e Viarengo, 1890.
———. Sotto il Borbone non soffrii tanto: lettere di Francesco Crispi dopo Adua (1896-1898) / Francesco Crispi; a cura di Lauro Rossi; con un saggio introduttivo di Fausto Fonzi. Rome: Carocci, 2000.
Cromer, Evelyn. Ancient and Modern Imperialism. London: J. Murray, 1910.
Crouzet, Denis. Les guerriers de Dieu: la violence au temps des troubles de religion, vers 1525-vers 1610. Seyssel: Champ Vallon, 1990.
Crummey, Donald. “Banditry and Resistance: Noble and Peasant in Nineteenth Century Ethiopia” In Banditry, Rebellion, and Social Protest in Africa, edited by Donald Crummey, 133-150. London; Portsmouth, N.H.: J. Currey; Heinemann, 1986.
———. Banditry, Rebellion, and Social Protest in Africa. London; Portsmouth, N.H.: J. Currey; Heinemann, 1986.
———. Priests and Politicians: Protestant and Catholic Missionaries in Orthodox Ethiopia, 1830-1868. Oxford, 1972.
———. “Tewodros as Reformer and Modernizer” Journal of African History 10 (1969).
———. “The Violence of Tewodros” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 9 (1971): 99-126.
Crump, James. “F. Holland Day: 'Sacred' Subjects and 'Greek love'“ History of Photography 18 (1994): 322-333.
———. Suffering the Ideal; Photographs by Fred Holland Day. Santa Fe, NM: Twin Palms, 1995.
Currey, Muriel. Italian Foreign Policy, 1918-1932. London: Nicholson and Watson, 1932.
Curtis, Verna Posever, and Jane Van Nimmen. F. Holland Day. Selected Texts and Bibliography. World Photographers Reference Series. Oxford, 1995.
Da Nembro, Metodio. La Missione dei Minori Cappucini in Eritrea, 1894-1952. Rome, 1953.
D'Amato, Nicola. Da Adua ad Addis-Abeba ricordi d'un prigioniero. Salerno: A. Volpe, 1898.
Danto, Arthur C. Mapplethorpe. New York: Random House, 1992.
Darkwah, R. H. Kofi. Shewa, Menilek, and the Ethiopian Empire, 1813-1889. London: Heinemann Educational, 1975.
Davis, David Brion. Inhuman Bondage; the Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006.
Davis, John. Italy in the Nineteenth Century: 1796-1900. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Day, Fred Holland. “Photography Applied to the Undraped Figure” The American Annual of Photography and the Photographic Times Almanac for 1898 12 (1897): 186-197.
———. “Sacred Art and the Camera” The Photogram 6 (1899).
De Leone, Enrico. Le prime richerche di una colonia e la explorazione geografica, politica ed economica. Rome, 1955.
De Mayo, G. “La battaglia fantasma (Ricordando il decimo anniversario della battaglia di Adua)” Rivista militare italiana (1906).
———. “Sei anni dopo la battaglia di Adua” Rivista di Cavalleria (1902).
De Stefani, Giuseppe. Adua: nella storia e nella leggenda: la guerra coloniale Italo-Abissina del 1895-1896: con documenti inediti. 4 vols. Palermo: Università degli studi di Palermo, Diparmento di studi storici e artistici, 2004.
Decleva, Enrico. Da Adua a Sarajevo. La politica estera italiana e la Francia. 1896-1914. Bari: Laterza, 1971.
Del Boca, Angelo. Adua: le ragioni di una sconfitta. Rome: Laterza, 1997.
———. “Colonialismo” In Dizionario storico dell'Italia unita, edited by Bruno Bongiovanni and Nicola Tranfaglia, 157-173. Rome & Bari: Laterza, 1996.
———. Gli italiani in Africa Orientale; dall'Unita alla marcia su Roma. Rome-Bari: Laterza, 1976.
———. I gas di Mussolini. Il fascismo e la guerra d'Etiopia. Rome, 1996.
———. “Oreste Baratieri, una parabola coloniale” In Adwa Victory Centenary Conference, 26 February - 2 March 1996, edited by Abdussamad Ahmad and Richard Pankhurst, 183-219. Addis Ababa: Institute of Ethiopian Studies, Addis Ababa University, 1998.
Della Peruta, Franco. L’Italia del Risorgimento: problemi, momenti e figure. Milan: F. Angeli, 1997.
Deschamps, Hubert. “Griaule, Madel et l'Ethiopie” Journal of Ethiopian Studies 4 (1966): 71-74.
Di Salvo, Mario, Stanislaw Chojnacki, and Osvaldo Raineri. Churches of Ethiopia: the Monastery of Narga Sellase. Milan, Italy: Skira Editore, 1999.
Diglio, S. “Il contributo del Bollettino della Società Africana d'Italia alla conoscenza geografica dell'Africa in Italia negli ultimi diciotto anni del XIX secolo” In La conoscenza dell'Asia e dell'Africa in Italia nei secoli XVIII e XIX, 155-168. Naples: I.U.O., 1984.
Diotti, Carlo. Prigioniero d'Africa: la battaglia di Adua e l'impresa coloniale del 1895-96 nel diario di un caporale italiano. Como: Nodolibri, 2006.
Dolciotti, Eugenio. Da Napoli a Adua: Bozzetti e ricordi della campagna d'Africa, 1895-96. Tivoli: A. Chicca, 1913.
Donham, Donald L. Marxist Modern; An Ethnographic History of the Ethiopian Revolution. Berkeley: University of California, 1999.
Douin, Georges. Histoire du règne du Khédive Ismaïl. Rome: Istituto poligrafico, 1933.
Doumanis, Nicholas. Italy. London: Arnold, 2001.
Drago, Edmund L. “American Blacks and Italy's Invasion of Ethiopia” Negro History Bulletin 41 (1978): 883-4.
Du Bois, William E.B. The World and Africa. Millwood, N.Y.: Kraus-Thomson Organization, 1976.
———. “Inter-Racial Implications of the Ethiopian Crisis” Foreign Affairs 14 (1935): 82-92.
———. “The African Roots of War” Atlantic Monthly 115 (1915): 707-714.
———. “The Pan-African Movement.” In History of the Pan-African Congress: Colonial and Coloured Unity, a Programme of Action, edited by George Padmore, 13-26. London: Hammersmith Bookshop, 1963.
Duggan, Christopher. A Concise History of Italy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
———. Francesco Crispi, 1818-1901: From Nation to Nationalism. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Dunn, John. Khedive Ismail's Army. London: Routledge, 2005.
Earle, Peter. The Pirate Wars. London: Methuen, 2003.
Edgerton, Robert B. Like Lions They Fought; The Zulu War and the Last Black Empire in South Africa. New York: Ballantine Books, 1988.
Edwards, Catharine. Roman Presences; Receptions of Rome in European Culture, 1789-1945. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1999.
Erdem, Y Hakan. Slavery in the Ottoman Empire and its Demise, 1800-1909. New York: St. Martin's, 1996.
Erlich, Haggai. “1885 in Eritrea: The Year in which the Dervishes were Cut Down” Asian and African Studies 10 (1975): 281-323.
———. “Egyptian Reactions” In Adwa Victory Centenary Conference, 26 February - 2 March 1996, edited by Abdussamad Ahmad and Richard Pankhurst, 429-440. Addis Ababa: Institute of Ethiopian Studies Addis Ababa University, 1998.
———. Ethiopia and Eritrea during the Scramble for Africa: a political biography of Ras Alula, 1875-1897. East Lansing: African Studies Center, Michigan State University, 1982.
———. Ras Alula and the Scramble for Africa; a Political Biography: Ethiopia and Eritrea, 1875-1897. Lawrenceville, NJ; Asmara: Red Sea Press, 1996.
———. “The Battle of Dogali, 1887; Strength and Weakness in Late 19th Century Ethiopia” In The Centenary of Dogali, edited by Taddesse Beyene, Taddesse Tamrat, and Richard Pankhurst, 113-122. Addis Ababa University: Institute of Ethiopian Studies, 1987.
———. The Cross and the River: Ethiopia, Egypt, and the Nile. Boulder, CO: Rienner, 2002.
Esposito, Stefania. Adua: evoluzione negativa della politica coloniale italiana. Sulmona: La moderna, 1995.
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